RESUMEN
Aim: The global COVID-19 pandemic and new variants continue to seriously threaten society. In this study;It was aimed to investigate surveillance of SARS CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses in respiratory tract samples in the winter season of 2020-2021 in Sakarya province. Material and Method: The study was carried out at Sakarya Training and Research Hospital between 2020-2021. e study was carried out with respiratory tract samples (Nasopharyngeal swab) stored in the laboratory. Clinical samples included in study were stored in a Bio-SpeedyRvNATRtransfer tube (Bioeksen,Turkey) and no extraction was performed in accordance with manufacturer's instructions. All analyzes were recorded on BIO-RAD CFX-96C1000 Touch Real-time system device using Diagnovital influenza A/B, SARS CoV-2, RSV multiplex Real Time PCR amplification kit. Results: Of the 200 patients diagnosed with URTI/LRTI, 54.5% were male and 45.5% female. e most common clinical symptoms;sore throat 74%, cough 73.5%, fatigue 71%, fever 57%, runny nose 56%, headache 48.5%, sneezing 41.5%, loss of smell / taste 39.5%, diarrhea 36%, dyspnea was 31.5% and myalgia was 23.5%. PCR positivity rates of samples were analyzed as 28.5% for SARS COV-2 and 1.5% for RSV, respectively. PCR positivity for influenza A/B was not defined in the study. Considering the statistical significance between PCR results and COVID-19 symptoms in patients;symptoms of dyspnea (n=63), fever(n= 62) and sneezing(n=56), respectively, were statistically significant(p<0.05). Conclusion: Due to the circumstances, only three main viral agents could be investigated in the study. RSV was frequently identified as an important factor in pediatric patients, whereas influenza-which may be related to social and individual measures (mask,distance,hygiene)- was not detected in any sample. More comprehensive scientific studies are needed to support the data.
RESUMEN
Introduction: In this study, we aimed to compare the place of throat mouthwash in the diagnosis of COVID-19 and the detection values of SARS-Cov-2 in naso-oropharyngeal swab (NOS) and mouthwash samples. Materials and Methods: NOS and mouthwash water samples were taken from the patients simultaneously. Mouthwash sampling was obtained by himself. For the NOS sample;after the swab sample was taken from the patient’s oropharynx with a dacron tip swab, with the same swab. RNA isolation from combined oral/nasal swab samples was performed with the EZ1 (Qiagen, Germany) device. Statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS software version 21.0. Results: The diagnostic efficacy of throat mouthwash and combined NOS samples taken from 106 volunteers were compared (56 males, mean age 42.9 years). The diagnostic sensitivity of the mouthwash was 60.71%, specificity 98.65%, positive predictive value 94.44% and negative predictive value 86.9% compared to the results of the NOS. According to these results, although mouthwash is a specific test, its sensitivity to NOS is not satisfactory. The value of kappa was substantial agreement as 0.668, and it was found statistically significant (<0.001). Conclusion: Throat mouthwash is a promising noninvasive technique for diagnosis, monitoring and infection control in patients with COVID-19 infection and reduces the risk of transmission for the healthcare provider.
RESUMEN
Objective: SuPAR is known as a marker for inflammation. In this study, we aimed to analyse suPAR levels and its correlation with disease prognosis in COVID-19 patients. Method: Demographical, clinical and laboratory data of the 36 patients were recorded. Existence of suPAR levels and other parameters along with prognosis was studied. Result: Of 36 patients included in this study, 15 were female (42%) and 21 were male (58%). The median age of the patients with mortality was 73 (min-max ,IR;49-88, 25), and the median age of the patients with no mortality was 72 (min-max ,IR;47- 83, 21) revealing a statistically non-significant difference (p=0,596). Among lab tests, hemoglobin (p=0,044), urea (p=0,011), troponin(p=0,033), LDH (p=0,005), and procalcitonin (p=0,036) were significantly associated with mortality. Median suPAR level was 102 (min-max, IR;29-540, 274) for the patients with no mortality whereas, median suPAR level was 61 (min-max, IR;29-540, 355) for the patients with mortality, and the difference was statistically non-significant (p=0,607). Conclusion: SuPAR levels seem to be ineffective to predict disease severity and prognosis of COVID-19. More randomised controlled trials with larger groups are needed to clarify the association of suPAR levels and COVID-19. © 2021 A. CARBONE Editore. All rights reserved.
RESUMEN
Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 binds to angiotension coverting enzyme-2 (ACE-2) receptors on the surface of the the host cells. ACE receptors are found in bone marrow (BM). SARS-CoV-2 can reduce hematopoiesis in all cell lines by infecting the BM cells directly and by changing the local RAS in addition to the suppression by cytokines during the course of COVID-19. However, there has been no study that could demonstrate the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in BM. Therefore in this study, we aim to demonstrate SARS-CoV-2 in the BM and investigate the changes in the BM of critically ill COVID-19 patients. Materials and method: This study is single center research and six critically ill COVID-19 patients were included in the study. Flowcytometry and RT-PCR were studied in BM aspiration samples. Histopathological evaluation of bone marrow biopsy materials was performed. Results: The most striking finding in BM was reactive plasmacytosis. CD4 / CD8 ratio of 3 patients was reversed (<1). There was an average of 90% CD14+ CD16- classical monocyte. In 1 patient SARS-CoV-2 was demonstrated in BM cells by RT-PCR. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study which demonstrated SARS-CoV-2 in the BM. In our study revealed an increase in polyclonal plasma cells, CD14+ CD64+ CD68+ active monocytes in BM and demonstrated SARS-CoV-2 in the BM by RT-PCR analysis in 1 patient. Evaluation of flowcytometric analysis of the BM in COVID-19 patients may help the scientists to understand the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 and its effects on hematopoietic cells. © 2021 A. CARBONE Editore. All rights reserved.
RESUMEN
Objective: In this study, we aimed to determine the factors that contribute to the early determination of mortality risk in patients hospitalized with COVID-19. Methods: We included 941 adult inpatients (474 male [50.4%], mean age, 53.5 +/- 17.0. The patients were divided into two groups: the discharge group and the death group. Epidemiological data, medical history, underlying comorbidities, laboratory findings, chest computed tomographic scans, real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction detection results, and survival data were obtained with retrospective recordings on admission and follow-up. The statistical relationship between survival data and parameters was analyzed. A mathematical model was created from the data of both groups. Results: While 863 patients survived, 78 were non-survivors. During the study period, the preliminary case fatality rate of the inpatients was 8.3%. The mean age of the non-survivors was 71.7 +/- 11.2 SD (P<0.001). Laboratory findings showed that mortality was high in those with high D-dimer, sodium, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), troponin, creatine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB), ferritin, blood lactate, activated partial thromboplastin time, and high blood glucose levels (P<0.05). Furthermore, mortality was high in patients with low albumin, lymphocyte, and platelet levels (P<0.05). The logistic regression model showed that advanced age, hypertension, high D-Dimer (>1000 ng/ml), high C-reactive protein (CRP), CK-MB, and LDH, and low lymphocyte count were associated with poor prognosis. Conclusions: According to week 1 data of patients with COVID-19, advanced age, hypertension, D-Dimer, CRP, CK-MB, high LDH, and low lymphocyte were associated with poor prognosis. We believe that this model will be useful in predicting patient mortality.